My Netwok Dictionary

Frame Relay technology is a standard Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) of International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). Frame Relay is a WAN service packet switching, connection-oriented. Opera in the data link layer of the OSI reference model.

Frame Relay uses a subset of High Level Data Link Control (HDLC) Protocol called Link Access Procedure for Frame Relay (LAPF). Frames carry data between user devices called data terminal equipment (DTE) and data communications equipment (DCE) on the border of the WAN. Read the rest of this entry »

A WAN is a network of communication that operates beyond the geographical reach of a LAN. One of the primary differences between a WAN and a LAN is that a company or organization must subscribe to a service provider external WAN network services using a service operator WAN.

A WAN data links using the services provided by an operator to access the Internet and connect sites together an organization with sites of other organizations, outsourcing and remote users. WANs generally carry several types of traffic such as voice, data and video. The telephone and data services are the most widely used WAN. Read the rest of this entry »

The process of configuring a DHCP client includes the following steps:

1. A DHCP client must be configured to start the process of participation in the network. The client sends a request to the server for an IP configuration. Sometimes the client suggests the IP address that want, and when ask for an extension of a lease DHCP. The customer places the DHCP server by sending a broadcast called DHCPDISCOVER.

2. When a server receives the broadcast, it determines whether the request can serve its own database. If not, it is possible that the server sends the request to another DHCP server. If it is able, the DHCP server offers the client IP configuration information and DHCPOFFER unicast is a proposed configuration that may include IP addresses, DNS server addresses and time of rental. Read the rest of this entry »

The operation of the link-state routing protocols is different from the distance vector protocols. This section will explain the differences between distance vector protocols and link state. This information is essential for network administrators. An important difference is that distance vector protocols use a simpler method for exchanging routing information. Its presents the characteristics of distance vector protocols and link state.

The link-state routing protocols are a complex database, with information of the topology of the network. While the algorithm of vector-distance possesses not specific information about the distant networks and no knowledge about the routers distant, a link-state routing algorithm has full knowledge of the routers distant and the form in which they are interconnected. Interactive media activity will help to identify the different functions of distance vector protocols and link state. Read the rest of this entry »

Ethernet to grow 10 to 100 and 1000 Mbps, it was necessary to make each technology could operate with others, to point interfaces 10, 100 and 1000 could connect directly. We developed a process called auto-negotiation of the speed in half duplex or full duplex. Specifically, at the time of introduction of Fast Ethernet, the standard method included an automatically configure a given interface to make it consistent with the speed and capabilities interface at the other end of the link.

This process defines how the interfaces at the ends of the link can automatically negotiate a configuration offering the highest level of joint performance. It has the additional advantage of involving only the lower part of the physical layer. The 10BASE-T required that each station transmits a link pulse every 16 milliseconds, provided that the station was not transmitting a message. Read the rest of this entry »

The Cisco products support the latest technology of Virtual Private Networks (VPN). The VPN is a service that offers dependable and protected connectivity in a shared public network communications such the same as the Internet. The VPN conserve the same politics of security and administration as a private network. They are the most economical way to establish a connection point-to-point between remote users and the network of a client of the firm.

Here are the three main types of VPN:

• VPN Access: The VPN of access offer remote access to a mobile worker and a small office /home office (SOHO), to the headquarters of the internal or external network through a shared infrastructure. The VPN of access use analog technologies, dialup, ISDN, digital subscriber line (DSL), cable and mobile IP to provide secure connections to mobile users, employees at remote and branch offices.

Read the rest of this entry »

A simple search on Google brings us back dozens of PHP scripts which can create proxies for free. The only limitation with PHP based proxies is that they require a proxy server to host and second, a domain name to act for the proxy address.

If you do not have your own domain or server space, you can still indulge in creating a personal proxy server without spending a penny and without requiring deep technical knowledge. Read the rest of this entry »

The bandwidth is defined like the quantity of information that can flow through a connection of network in a period given is essential to understand the concept of bandwidth networking to study for the following four reasons:

1. The bandwidth is finite. In other words, independently of the middle that is utilized for build the network, limits for the capacity of the network exist to transport information. The bandwidth is limited by the laws of physics and the technologies used to place the information in the media. For example, the bandwidth of a conventional modem is limited to about 56 kbps for the physical properties of the twisted pair telephone lines and modem technology. However, the technologies use the same DSL twisted pair telephone wires, yet offers DSL bandwidth that is much larger than conventional modems. This shows that it is sometimes difficult to define the limits imposed by the same laws of physics. The optical fiber has the potential physical provide a virtually unlimited band width. Still, the bandwidth of optical fiber can not be exploited in full, pending technologies are developed to realize their potential. Read the rest of this entry »

A router sends packets from source network to destination network using the IP protocol. Packages must include a network identifier for both the origin and the destination network. Using the IP address of a destination network, a router can send a packet to the correct network. When a packet arrives at a router connected to the destination network, the IP address used to locate a particular computer connected to the network.

This system works the same way that a national post. When you send a letter, you must first be sent to the post office in the city destination, using the postal code. That office must then locate the destination in the same city using the address. It is a two-step process. Read the rest of this entry »

The security of wireless transmissions can be difficult to achieve where there are wireless networks, security is reduced. This has been a problem since the early days of the WLAN. At present, many administrators are not concerned to implement effective security practices.

Several new protocols are emerging and security solutions such as Virtual Private Networks (VPN) and Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP). In the case of CAS, the access point provides client authentication, but passes the task to a more sophisticated device, possibly a dedicated server, designed for this purpose. With an integrated server, VPN technology creates a tunnel over an existing protocol such as IP. This is a Layer 3 connection, unlike Layer 2 connection between the AP and the sending node. Read the rest of this entry »